GaN p-i-n homoepitaxial structures are in-situ formed through
mask-free selective-area growth (SAG) on Si-implanted GaN (SIG) templates.
Selective-area Si implantation on GaN layer creates damaged surface regions that
lead to lattice distortion from the neighboring implantation-free regions. GaN
homoepitaxial regrowth occurs preferentially on the implantation-free regions
when the SIG films serve as growth templates. The optical and electrical
characteristics of the GaN p-i-n diodes formed by mask-free SAG are comparable
to those of diodes fabricated by conventional technique. The GaN p-i-n
photodiodes exhibit typical ultraviolet (UV)-to-visible (360/480 nm) spectral
rejection ratios over three orders of magnitude. With forward injection currents
of 10–100 mA, the proposed GaN diodes exhibit a UV emission at around 362 nm
because of the band–edge transition between shallow donor states and the
valence-band edge, rather than defect-related emission.
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